Potential of white-rot fungi for bioremediation

Ronivaldo Rodrigues da Silva

Abstract
Environmental applications of enzymes in biodegradation for preventing pollution by toxic byproducts warrants approaches that can be performed under mild conditions, are economically feasible and can replace the use of chemicals. Technologies involving physico-chemical methods, like incineration, dechlorination and UV oxidation, for waste treatment are not acceptable since they generate a lot of pollutants as by-products. To address these problems, environmental–friendly alternatives are required for bioremediation. In this context, fungal enzymes have emerged as a natural tool to detoxification of pollutants in environment, and the potential to convert toxic substances to less hazardous or non-hazardous forms. However, what are the effective advances by using white-rot fungi for bioremediation? Here, a brief discussion about the application of these fungi to detoxification of pollutants in environment has been considered.

Keywords
Biodegradation; Microbial enzymes; Oxidoreductases.

Resumo
Uso potencial de fungos da podridão-branca da madeira para a biorremediação. Aplicações ambientais de enzimas para biodegradação de poluentes justificam estudos que podem ser performados sob condições amenas de reação, são economicamente viáveis e favorecem a substituição ao uso de compostos químicos. Tecnologias envolvendo métodos físicos e químicos para o tratamento de resíduos, como incineração, declorinação e oxidação por UV, não são aceitáveis, uma vez que geram muitos poluentes tóxicos. Para solucionar estes problemas, alternativas ecologicamente seguras são requeridas para biorremediação. Neste contexto, enzimas fúngicas têm emergido como uma ferramenta natural para detoxificação de poluentes, e o potencial para converter substâncias tóxicas em compostos menos agressivos ao meio ambiente. Contudo, quais são os efetivos avanços no uso de fungos da podridão-branca da madeira para biorremediação? Aqui, uma breve discussão sobre o uso destes fungos para detoxificação de poluentes no ambiente tem sido considerado.

Palavras-chave
Biodegradação; Enzimas microbianas; Oxidorredutases.

DOI
10.21438/rbgas.040722

Texto completo
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Referências
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