Reproductive aspects of freshwater fishes exposed to pesticide-contamined environments: A systematic review

Jadson Pinheiro Santos , Simone de Jesus Melo Almeida , Claryce Cunha Costa , Erick Cristofore Guimarães , Erivânia Gomes Teixeira e Raimunda Nonata Fortes Carvalho-Neta

Abstract
Fish are the predominant group of vertebrates in aquatic environments, and they are directly affected by the presence of contaminants in water bodies, which undergo changes in the structure and function of communities and dynamics of the populations. The aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of studies that analyze the reproductive aspects of freshwater teleosts in environments contaminated by pesticides. A systematic search for scientific articles was carried out from 2000 to 2019 using the “Web of Science” database, using the descriptors "fish reproduction", "contamination", "toxicology", "ecotoxicity" and "biomonitoring", combined with the use of boolean operators "AND" and "OR". The content analysis was performed based on the titles and the summary, with a first screening. Then, 98 articles were read in full, with 40 being selected. 24 species of fish were recorded, with a predominance of Danio rerio (17.5%). Insecticides were present in 78% of the studies, mainly Endosulfan (35%) and Cypermethrin (13%). Reproductive endocrine disorders were the most reported pathways of action (57.5%). The effects of pesticides on the reproduction of freshwater teleosts are evident, requiring studies on structural changes in gonads and a decrease in the quality of gametes.

Keywords
Biomonitoring; Contamination; Ecotoxicity; Toxicology.

Resumo
Aspectos reprodutivos de peixes de água doce expostos a ambientes contaminados por pesticidas: uma revisão sistemática. Os peixes são o grupo de vertebrados predominante nos ambientes aquáticos, sendo diretamente afetados pela presença de contaminantes nos corpos d'água, que sofrem alterações na estrutura e função das comunidades e na dinâmica das populações. O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática de estudos que analisam os aspectos reprodutivos de teleósteos de água doce em ambientes contaminados por agrotóxicos. Foi realizada uma busca sistemática de artigos científicos publicados entre 2000 e 2019 na base de dados "Web of Science", utilizando os descritores "fish reproduction", "contamination", "toxicology", "ecotoxicity" and "biomonitoring", combinado com o uso dos operadores booleanos "AND" e "OR". A análise de conteúdo foi realizada com base nos títulos e na síntese, com uma primeira triagem. Em seguida, foram lidos 98 artigos na íntegra, sendo 40 selecionados. Foram registradas 24 espécies de peixes, com predomínio de Danio rerio (17,5%). Os inseticidas estiveram presentes em 78% dos estudos, principalmente Endosulfan (35%) e Cipermetrina (13%). Os distúrbios endócrinos reprodutivos foram as vias de ação mais relatadas (57,5%). Os efeitos dos agrotóxicos na reprodução dos teleósteos de água doce são evidentes, exigindo estudos sobre mudanças estruturais nas gônadas e diminuição na qualidade dos gametas.

Palavras-chave
Biomonitoramento; Contaminação; Ecotoxicidade; Toxicologia.

DOI
10.21438/rbgas(2021)081935

Texto completo
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