Metodologia para análise e seleção de alternativas para desaguamento de lodos produzidos em estações de tratamento de esgoto

Aliny Stradiotti Vanzetto , Oscar de Moraes Cordeiro Netto , Welitom Ttatom Pereira da Silva e Marco Antonio Almeida de Souza

Resumo
Teve-se como objetivo apresentar uma metodologia para auxiliar a análise e seleção de alternativas de desaguamento de lodos produzidos em estações de tratamento de esgotos (ETE), utilizando uma abordagem multiobjetivo, como um exemplo de possibilidade de decisão mais consistente na escolha de equipamentos para uma determinada ETE. Essa metodologia incluiu a obtenção de informação por questionários e consulta a especialistas, o que permitiu obter os objetivos do desaguamento de lodos e critérios para avaliar as alternativas. A metodologia ficou composta por sete fases e 23 critérios de avaliação das alternativas, divididos em quatro dimensões (econômica, ambiental, social e técnica), cujas eficiências são quantificadas por planilhas pontuadas. Foram utilizados os métodos multiobjetivo CP, TOPSIS, ELECTRE-III e AHP. Esta metodologia foi aplicada ao caso da ETE Brasília Sul, concluindo-se que a metodologia desenvolvida mostrou eficiência e aplicabilidade. O emprego do método multiobjetivo permitiu acrescentar na análise decisória aspectos econômicos, ambientais, sociais e técnicos.

Palavras-chave
Tratamento de esgoto; Desaguamento de lodos; Análise decisória; Método multiobjetivo; Método multicritério.

Abstract
A methodology for analysis and selection of alternatives for dewatering sludge produced in sewage treatment plants. The objective was to present a methodology to assist in the analysis and selection of alternatives for dewatering sludge produced in sewage treatment plants (STP), using a multi-objective approach, as an example of a more consistent decision possibility in the choice of equipment for a given STP. This methodology included obtaining information through questionnaires and consulting specialists, which made it possible to obtain sludge dewatering objectives and criteria for evaluating alternatives. The methodology was composed of 7 phases and 23 alternative evaluation criteria, divided into 4 dimensions (economic, environmental, social and technical), whose efficiencies we quantified by scored spreadsheets. We used CP, TOPSIS, ELECTRE-III and AHP multi-objective methods. We applied this methodology to the case of the STP Brasília Sul (South Brasilia), concluding that the developed methodology showed efficiency and applicability. The use of multi-objective method made it possible to add economic, environmental, social and technical aspects to the decision-making analysis.

Keywords
Sewage treatment; Sludge dewatering; Decision analysis; Multi-objective method; Multicriteria method.

DOI
10.21438/rbgas(2024)112804


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