Potencial de produtos biológicos no controle de Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) na cultura da batata Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae)

Warley Peres da Silveira , Rodrigo Vieira da Silva , Maria Amelia dos Santos , Nathália Nascimento Guimarães , Lara Nascimento Guimarães , Daniel Dalvan do Nascimento , Débora Zacarias da Silva and Vinicius Rodrigues Teodoro

Resumo
A batata é uma das hortaliças mais importantes do Mundo e os nematoides são um dos principais problemas enfrentados na cultura no Brasil. Os nematicidas químicos são os principais produtos utilizados no controle. Objetivou-se determinar a eficiência de produtos biológicos no controle de Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) na cultura da batata Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae). Utilizou-se batata cultivar Ágata com os seguintes tratamentos: T1 - Água, T2 - Água + nematoide, T3 - Paecilo myceslilacinus + Trichoderma harzianum + Musgo, T4 - Serratia marcescens, T5 - Burkholderia cepacia; T6 - Bacillus sp., T7 - Serratia sp., T8 - Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis, e T9 - Fluensulfona. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados, composto por seis blocos com nove tratamentos duplicados, totalizando 108 parcelas, sendo que aos 60 dias após a inoculação (DAI) metade do experimento foi retirado para avaliar o número de galhas no tubérculo, massa fresca e seca, massa de ovos e análise nutricional e aos 100 DAI a segunda parte foi retirada para análise da produtividade. Os tratamentos biológicos com Serratia marcescens e Burkholderia cepacia e o tratamento químico com o princípio ativo fluensulfona mostraram-se bons redutores da reprodução de M. incognita, com reduções acima de 98%. Em relação à produtividade da batata, o produto à base de B. cepacia foi o mais satisfatório, aumentando em 10%, demonstrando alta eficiência e potencial para ser utilizado no controle do nematoide na batata.

Palavras-chave
Bioprodutos; Controle biológico; Nematoides; Solanum tuberosum.

Abstract
Potential of biological products in the control of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) in the potato Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae) crop. The potato is one of the most important vegetables in the World and nematodes are one of the main problems faced in the crop in Brazil. The chemical nematicides are the main products used in the control. The objective was to determine the efficiency of biological products in the control of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) in the potato Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae) crop. It used the potato cultivar Ágata with the following treatments: T1 - Water, T2 - Water + nematode, T3 - Paecilo myceslilacinus + Trichoderma harzianum + Moss, T4 - Serratia marcescens, T5 - Burkholderia cepacia, T6 - Bacillus sp., T7 - Serratia sp., T8 - Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis, T9 - Fluensulfone. The trial was conducted in a randomized block design consisting of 6 blocks with 9 duplicated treatments, totaling 108 plots, and 60 days after inoculation (DAI) half of the experiment was removed to evaluate the number of galls on the tuber, fresh and dry mass, egg mass and nutritional analysis and at 100 DAI the second part was removed to analyze productivity. The biological treatments with Serratia marcescens and Burkholderia cepacia and the chemical treatment with the active ingredient fluensulfone proved to be good reducers of the reproduction of M. incognita, with reductions above 98%. Regarding the productivity of the potato, the product based on B. cepacia was the most satisfactory, increasing by 10%, demonstrating high efficiency and potential to be used in the control of the nematode in the potato.

Keywords
Biological control; Nematodes; Solanum tuberosum.

DOI
10.21438/rbgas(2024)112702

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